Description

Urine test
Urine test strips are easy-to-use urine test reagent strips for the detection of diagnostic chemical markers in pet urine.

These test strips are also used by veterinarians in clinics and laboratories, in the preliminary diagnosis and screening of possible health problems in their initial stages.

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF DIAGNOSTIC REAGENT STRIPS

Depending on the specific reagent panel, abnormal levels of chemical compounds appearing in the urine can be easily and quickly identified, so that the general state of health can be evaluated. We can recognize the potential risk factors in time

they can be indicators of underlying health problems.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE:

1. Collect urine (the first urine in the morning is the most optimal)

2. Completely submerge the reagent strip in the urine sample or urine stream, then remove immediately to avoid leaching of reagent pad chemicals. Shake off excess liquid. Touch the long edge of the reagent strip to a tissue paper so that it sucks up the excess urine residue.

3. When using the reagent strips, replace the container cap immediately, thereby minimizing the

exposure of the remaining test strips to light and air.

4. Wait 60 seconds.

5. Compare the color change of the reagent pads with the corresponding color scale on the bottle label.

Read and record the results. The color scale column on the left shows the colors obtained in the case of a healthy state. The color samples in the frame to the right indicate the extent of the changes in degrees. Below these color samples, it also shows the measured quantity.

It's a good idea to take a picture after 60 seconds to save the results. This will also be important for later evaluation by the veterinarian and for comparison with repeat tests received later.

Meaning of the results for the 14 parameters:

• Leukocytes - urinary tract infection and the presence of bacteria in the urinary tract, UTI (Urine Tract Infection)

• Nitrites - UTI (Urine Tract Infection) test, which is usually an indicator of urinary tract infections

• Urobilinogen - liver function test and liver disease indicator

• pH test - Determination of the acidic or alkaline state of urine

• Protein - An indicator of possible diseases of the kidneys

• Blood in the urine - most often indicates the presence of kidney stones

• Ascorbate - the amount of vitamin C in the urine.

• Specific gravity (Specific Gravity) - the reflection of the GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate) of the kidney's filtration capacity in kidney disease, and can also indicate urinary tract infections UTI (Urine Tract Infection)

• Ketones - An indicator of the amount of fat used for energy production. A key indicator for dieters and diabetics.

• Bilirubin - A test and indicator of liver and gallbladder problems.

• Glucose (sugar) - A measure of sugar in the urine, usually caused by diabetes

• Microalbumin - Can help test for kidney damage and kidney health

• Creatinine - Creatinine outside the normal test range may indicate kidney disease.

• Calcium - Calcium levels play a role in heart, kidney and thyroid health.

Comments for the evaluation:

• Glucose: A healthy animal should not detect glucose in its normal urine. A small amount of glucose may be excreted through the kidneys, but this level is usually lower than the sensitivity of the test, but may occasionally result in a color change between negative and 5 mmol color. A result of 5 mmol or higher can be considered significantly abnormal, and the animal must be taken to a veterinary examination.

• Protein: Protein is usually not detectable in normal urine. Any discoloration greater than +/- (traces) indicates significant protein excretion (proteinuria). In the case of urine with a high specific gravity, the +/- value indicates a normal protein level, since dense urine gives a minimal color change by itself. Clinical examination and counseling, as well as additional tests, are necessary to properly evaluate the phenomenon.

• pH: The pH of normal and abnormal urine can vary between 5 and 9. The obtained values ​​usually depend on the situation and must be discussed with the attending veterinarian, who will evaluate it professionally taking the circumstances into account. The first morning urine usually gives the most stable result, which ranges between 5 and 6 for carnivores.

• Additional parameters: The test can show changes in leukocytes, nitrite, ketone, bilirubin, blood, urobilinogen, calcium, creatinine, microalbumin, ascorbate and specific gravity, including normal ranges (left column). In most cases, a normal or negative result is obtained for these additional test parameters, that is, the color of the reagent panel does not change. Color changes in one or more reagent panels usually indicate an unexpected result (disease condition). For example, a significant color change in the leukocyte panel indicates an elevated level of white blood cells, indicating a possible infection, and an abnormal color change in the blood panel may indicate undiagnosed internal bleeding. etc.

• The UPC value can be calculated from the value of protein and creatinine color, which shows the degree of kidney failure